165 – Breaking News & Latest Updates 2026
Skip to main content

Sean Hollister

Sean Hollister

Senior Editor

Senior Editor

    More From Sean Hollister

    Sean Hollister
    Sean Hollister
    Why Google wanted to keep Spotify numbers secret: Spotify pays *zero percent* for User Choice Billing.

    Google partnerships boss Don Harrison just spilled the beans. Spotify doesn’t pay 15 percent of its revenue to Google on Play. It doesn’t pay 11 percent. It doesn’t even pay 10 percent or 6 percent. It pays zero percent when users decide to use Spotify’s payment system, and just 4 percent if users choose Google Play Billing.

    “Zero percent if they process their transaction and 4 percent if Google processes their transaction,” we just heard in court.

    There’s no other new fee. Both Google and Spotify agreed to each commit $50 million to a “success fund” as part of the sweetheart deal, though.

    Sean Hollister
    Sean Hollister
    Epic Games CEO Tim Sweeney accused Google of planting a second Fortnite story, too.

    “Do you plan to share your findings on Google leaking the contents of our private discussion to Abner Li,” Sweeney asked Google partnerships boss Don Harrison in an April 2020 email.

    The story was this one, and I’ve long been curious if it was the seed that grew into this entire Google lawsuit.

    Here’s the other story Epic accused Google of planting.

    Sean Hollister
    Sean Hollister
    “That would be a win for Google and a win for Epic.”

    Harrison, attempting to explain that Google’s interest in Epic wasn’t just about influence but rather synergies — that Epic CEO Tim Sweeney himself expressed interest in licensing out the Unreal Engine to more mobile game developers on an early 2020 phone call.

    Sweeney was also “critical of Play’s business model” on the call, though. “He didn’t agree with it,” says Harrison.

    “He felt we’d drawn the line in the wrong place, that we had large companies subsidizing small companies, and that wasn’t the right way to have developed the model.” That definitely cuts at Epic’s David v. Goliath narrative if true.

    Note: Google’s Project Elektra idea of buying a controlling stake in Epic was from 2018. it’s not clear if Elektra was still in play in 2020.

    Sean Hollister
    Sean Hollister
    Google skewers the Apple CEO / Google CEO meeting.

    First, Don Harrison tried to defuse any suggestion that Apple’s and Google’s CEOs were coordinating regularly behind the scenes, painting the meeting as a one-time thing. “We realized we hadn’t met in a number of years... we’d had a difficult relationship for a number of years,” he said,

    Then, Google’s lawyer pointed out one phrase that doesn’t appear anywhere in the notes of that meeting: Google Play.

    Google’s suggestion is that despite the controversial notion that Google and Apple might “work as if we are one company,” and their codependency on search revenue, all of that shouldn’t be relevant to today’s Google Play antitrust case.

    Google also went through some internal documents about “Apple Partnership Strategy” that apparently don’t suggest any partnerships between the companies around Google Play. I wonder if Epic’s lawyers will find one that Google omitted, though.

    Sean Hollister
    Sean Hollister
    “If we don’t have Spotify working properly... people will not buy Android phones.”

    That’s Google’s partnerships boss Don Harrison live in court, attempting to explain the Spotify sweetheart deal as a bit of a forced choice. Here’s a passage from his old email as well:

    “The reason we are proposing this bespoke deal with Spotify is because of its unprecedented position and bargaining power in the market and we had to offer a creative solution to bring their full value to the Play ecosystem.”

    “Listening to music is one of [the phone’s] core purposes... if we don’t have Spotify working properly across play services and core services, people will not buy Android phones,” Harrison said in court.

    We also got more insight into what the 6 percent and 10 percent numbers meant in that deal:

    One portion of that fee that is tied to processing (10% of Google processes payment, 0% if Spotify processes)

    One portion of fee that is processing to capture value that Play adds (6% regardless of who processes)

    If I’m reading this right, Google would collect 0 percent when users chose Spotify payments alongside Google payments and 10 percent when the users chose Google. In situations where users didn’t get a choice, Google would collect 6 percent, regardless of who processes the transaction. I’m genuinely not sure, though.

    Sean Hollister
    Sean Hollister
    A big part of Google’s big spend on Activision Blizzard was about cloud — and Stadia.

    Google is explaining that it didn’t spend $360M, let alone billions, just to avoid the risk of ABK building its own Android app store. “At its core, this deal is about a large cloud” partnership, read part of the “Strategic Rationale” email from Don Harrison. He now says Google wanted Activision Blizzard to spend big on Google Cloud and put its games on its (now-shuttered) Stadia cloud gaming service as well.

    Here’s “What Google gets” from the deal, according to an internal Google doc:

    -Continued Play partnership for ABK titles at current rev share: Standard Hug developer obligations (sim-ship, title parity, quality)

    -$200M cloud committment over 3-4 years (TK has approved)

    -Increased UAC ads spend, plus $115M/yr DVIP

    -Exclusive ESports distribution license for YouTube

    -Commitment to partner on Stadia (deal terms TBD)

    Here’s what Activision got:

    GCP credits equal to 2% of play consumer spend (no cap)

    UAC matching credits: $1 UAC ads credit for every $3 ABK spends in UAC ($35M/year cap)

    co-marketing funds: $1 in co-marketing funding for every $3 of ABK marketing spend ($20M/year cap)

    Esports licensing: $45M for exclusive Esports distribution license for YouTube

    Correction: I missed copying over a line about GCP credits. It’s in there now.

    Sean Hollister
    Sean Hollister
    Apple CEO Tim Cook told Google CEO Sundar Pichai he wanted to be “deep deep partners.”

    We just saw Google’s notes from a two-hour meeting in 2018 between Tim Cook and Sundar Pichai with other top execs in attendance. Here are some of the passages I copied down; I couldn’t type fast enough to get the whole thing!

    Tim’s overall message to Google was “I imagine us as being able to be deep deep partners; deeply connected where our services end and yours begin and sees no natural impediment to us doing more together. Knows there is a past but doesn’t feel encumbered by it and wants to figure out how we work more deeply together. (and share information better - he stressed this a few times)” Very positive and I felt genuine on his part — but we can take this slowly and no regrets over how we have handled things to date (from Sundar)

    Another:

    Sundar: we would love to see the iPhone numbers grow and will work in good faith to answer the queries you send us ...

    Another:

    Our vision is that we work as if we are one company. There is reluctance on both parts about sharing things. It would be great to hurdle over that. We’ve been back in a good stead for awhile; build a Google app that really builds a great experience (Sundar). We could extend the terms of the deal.

    Sean Hollister
    Sean Hollister
    We got the secret Google Spotify numbers — maybe.

    This was Google’s proposed counterproposal to Spotify — it’s not clear whether they’re the final sweetheart deal:

    Google will charge a service fee of 6% on all transactions to reflect the value realized of operating the platform, distributing, publishing updating, loyalty, and investing in the user experience for Spotify users. In addition, we will also charge a 10% fee where and if Google enables new subscribers to transact via Play.

    We saw a 2x2 matrix where Spotify had a 0 percent processing fee and 6 percent service fee and Google had a 10 percent processing fee and 6 percent service fee.

    Sean Hollister
    Sean Hollister
    Google says it didn’t *just* pay Activision Blizzard $360M — there are “billions of dollars flowing between the two companies.”

    “It’s a much larger deal than” $360 million, says Google’s partnerships boss Don Harrison.

    He took a stab at estimating how much money Apple gets from Google in the gigantic Google default search deal, too: greater than $15 billion, less than $20 billion per year.

    Harrison says he did indeed believe it was a risk that ABK would launch its own mobile distribution platform. “I identified that risk and it did not happen.”

    Sean Hollister
    Sean Hollister
    More quotes I spotted in Google’s “Project Elektra” documents.

    Phil Harrison, July 15th, 2018, “Strategic Rationale”:

    I‘ve taken a stab at a high-level strategic rationale for an investment in Epic.

    Fortnite is (or can be) the leading business driver for Google across:

    YouTube (already 100M+ increase in game watch time MAU)

    GCP (to shift 130M+ players from AWS and build an anchor tenant in games)

    Yeti (Fortnite + Unreal Engine support for all games)

    [email continues]

    July 16th, 2018, in a reply from Dave Sobota:

    As a potential alternative, Phil is proposing we consider approaching Tencent to either (a) buy Epic shares from Tencent to get more control over Epic (unclear how that helps us without a majority share) or (b) join up with Tencent to buy 100% of Epic (and then of course we do a lot of deep commercial things with Epic).

    The direct investment route had Google internally proposing to invest ~$2B in exchange for a ~20 percent stake of Epic. Google wrote: “Will require a substantial investment to gain influence.”

    The Tencent / controlling interest route sounded very tentative:

    The company may be open to a second large strategic investor as a counterweight to Tencent

    Tencent may not be willing to sell shares, or may seek to block another strategic investor (investor rights unknown)

    Update: Fixed typo and added a line about “Yeti” that I missed copying over.